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Innate immune responses in RNA viral infection
Qian Xu, Yuting Tang, Gang Huang
《医学前沿(英文)》 2021年 第15卷 第3期 页码 333-346 doi: 10.1007/s11684-020-0776-7
关键词: innate immune viral infection intercellular signaling metabolic changes epigenetic changes
《环境科学与工程前沿(英文)》 2022年 第16卷 第8期 doi: 10.1007/s11783-022-1527-6
• The promoting effects for VFA generation follow the order of APG>SDBS>HTAB.
关键词: Waste activated sludge (WAS) Volatile fatty acids (VFA) Surfactant types Functional microorganisms Metabolic activity upregulation
Metabolic hypertension: concept and practice
null
《医学前沿(英文)》 2013年 第7卷 第2期 页码 201-206 doi: 10.1007/s11684-013-0264-4
Hypertension is a serious public health problem worldwide. More than 60% of the risk factors for hypertension are associated with metabolic disturbances. Metabolic abnormalities increase the risk for hypertension and cause high blood pressure. Improving metabolic disturbances is beneficial for hypertension treatment. Due to the importance of metabolic abnormalities in the pathogenesis of hypertension, we propose a concept of metabolic hypertension. In this review, we discuss and review the clinical types, pathogenesis, risk evaluation and management of metabolic hypertension. Elucidation of the mechanism of metabolic hypertension should facilitate the design of novel pharmacotherapeutics and dedicated antihypertensive manipulations.
关键词: hypertension cardiometabolic risk factors metabolic abnormalities
Cellular changes in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid in hyperoxia-induced lung injury
HE Xinbiao, ZHAO Wei
《医学前沿(英文)》 2008年 第2卷 第4期 页码 370-373 doi: 10.1007/s11684-008-0071-5
null
《医学前沿(英文)》 2015年 第9卷 第2期 页码 139-145 doi: 10.1007/s11684-015-0377-z
In obesity, chronic inflammation is believed to induce insulin resistance and impairs adipose tissue function. Although this view is supported by a large body of literature, it has been challenged by growing evidence that pro-inflammatory cytokines may favor insulin sensitivity through induction of energy expenditure. In this review article, interleukin 15 (IL-15) is used as a new example to explain the beneficial effects of the pro-inflammatory cytokines. IL-15 is secreted by multiple types of cells including macrophages, neutrophils and skeletal muscle cells. IL-15 expression is induced in immune cells by endotoxin and in muscle cells by physical exercise. Its transcription is induced by transcription factor NF-κB. IL-15 binds to its receptor that contains three different subunits (α, β and γ) to activate JAK/STAT, PI3K/Akt, IKK/NF-κB and JNK/AP1 pathways in cells. In the regulation of metabolism, IL-15 reduces weight gain without inhibiting food intake in rodents. IL-15 suppresses lipogenesis, stimulates brown fat function, improves insulin sensitivity through weight loss and energy expenditure. In human, circulating IL-15 is negatively associated with body weight. In the immune system, IL-15 stimulates proliferation and differentiation of T cells, NK cells, monocytes and neutrophils. In the anti-obesity effects of IL-15, T cells and NK cells are not required, but leptin receptor is required. In summary, evidence from human and rodents supports that the pro-inflammatory cytokine IL-15 may enhance energy expenditure to protect the body from obesity and type 2 diabetes. The mechanism of IL-15 action remains to be fully uncovered in the regulation of energy expenditure.
关键词: inflammation obesity cytokine energy expenditure insulin resistance
《医学前沿(英文)》 2021年 第15卷 第5期 页码 679-692 doi: 10.1007/s11684-021-0866-1
关键词: metabolic reprogramming potential of electron transfer cell proliferation aerobic glycolysis cancer metabolism
Fibroblast growth factor 21: a novel metabolic regulator from pharmacology to physiology
null
《医学前沿(英文)》 2013年 第7卷 第1期 页码 25-30 doi: 10.1007/s11684-013-0244-8
Fibroblast growth factor 21 (FGF21) is a member of the fibroblast growth factor family. It actually functions as endocrine hormones but does not regulate cell growth and differentiation. It is demonstrated that FGF21 acts on multiple tissue to coordinate carbohydrate and lipid metabolism, including enhancing insulin sensitivity, decreasing triglyceride concentrations, causing weight loss, ameliorating obesity-associated hyperglycemia and hyperlipidemia. Moreover, FGF21 also plays important roles in some physiological processes, such as fasting and feeding, growth hormone axis and thermogenic function of brown adipose tissue. Clinical relevance of FGF21 in humans is still unclear, and the basis and consequences of increased FGF21 in metabolic disease remain to be determined. Both the pharmacological actions and physiological roles make FGF21 attractive drug candidates for treating metabolic disease, but some questions remain to be answered. This article concentrates on recent advances in our understanding of FGF21.
关键词: FGF21 metabolism pharmacology physiology clinical relevance
Elucidate long-term changes of ozone in Shanghai based on an integrated machine learning method
《环境科学与工程前沿(英文)》 2023年 第17卷 第11期 doi: 10.1007/s11783-023-1738-5
● A novel integrated machine learning method to analyze O3 changes is proposed.
Metformin and metabolic diseases: a focus on hepatic aspects
null
《医学前沿(英文)》 2015年 第9卷 第2期 页码 173-186 doi: 10.1007/s11684-015-0384-0
Metformin has been widely used as a first-line anti-diabetic medicine for the treatment of type 2 diabetes (T2D). As a drug that primarily targets the liver, metformin suppresses hepatic glucose production (HGP), serving as the main mechanism by which metformin improves hyperglycemia of T2D. Biochemically, metformin suppresses gluconeogenesis and stimulates glycolysis. Metformin also inhibits glycogenolysis, which is a pathway that critically contributes to elevated HGP. While generating beneficial effects on hyperglycemia, metformin also improves insulin resistance and corrects dyslipidemia in patients with T2D. These beneficial effects of metformin implicate a role for metformin in managing non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. As supported by the results from both human and animal studies, metformin improves hepatic steatosis and suppresses liver inflammation. Mechanistically, the beneficial effects of metformin on hepatic aspects are mediated through both adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK)-dependent and AMPK-independent pathways. In addition, metformin is generally safe and may also benefit patients with other chronic liver diseases.
关键词: metformin diabetes hepatic steatosis inflammatory response insulin resistance
《环境科学与工程前沿(英文)》 2021年 第15卷 第6期 doi: 10.1007/s11783-021-1433-3
• Short-term effect of the pyridine exposure on the SAD process was investigated.
关键词: Anammox Inhibition Metabolic pathway Microbial community Pyridine SAD
Water-dispersible nano-pollutions reshape microbial metabolism in type-specific manners: A metabolic
《环境科学与工程前沿(英文)》 2022年 第16卷 第9期 doi: 10.1007/s11783-022-1548-1
• Water-dispersible nano-pollutions exhibit type-specific toxic effects on E. coli.
关键词: Nano-toxicity Nano-plastics Quantum dots Microbial metabolite Metabolic dysregulation
Xiaokun Li
《医学前沿(英文)》 2019年 第13卷 第5期 页码 511-530 doi: 10.1007/s11684-019-0711-y
From gut changes to type 2 diabetes remission after gastric bypass surgeries
null
《医学前沿(英文)》 2013年 第7卷 第2期 页码 191-200 doi: 10.1007/s11684-013-0258-2
Increasing evidence suggests that the gut may influence the host’s metabolism and ultimately change the outcomes of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). We review the evidence on the relationship between the gut and T2DM remission after gastric bypass surgery, and discuss the potential mechanisms underlying the above relationship: gut anatomical rearrangement, microbial composition changes, altered gut cells, and gut hormone modulation. However, the exact changes and their relative importance in the metabolic improvements after gastric bypass surgery remain to be further clarified. Elucidating the precise metabolic mechanisms of T2DM resolution after bypass surgery will help to reveal the molecular mechanisms of pathogenesis, and facilitate the development of novel diagnoses and preventative interventions for this common disease.
关键词: gastric bypass T2DM gut
FU Xiaoguo, CHEN Hongzhang, LI Hongqiang, MA Runyu
《化学科学与工程前沿(英文)》 2007年 第1卷 第2期 页码 113-117 doi: 10.1007/s11705-007-0021-9
Regulation of T cell immunity by cellular metabolism
null
《医学前沿(英文)》 2018年 第12卷 第4期 页码 463-472 doi: 10.1007/s11684-018-0668-2
T cells are an important adaptive immune response arm that mediates cell-mediated immunity. T cell metabolism plays a central role in T cell activation, proliferation, differentiation, and effector function. Specific metabolic programs are tightly controlled to mediate T cell immune responses, and alterations in T cell metabolism may result in many immunological disorders. In this review, we will summarize the main T cell metabolic pathways and the important factors participating in T cell metabolic programming during T cell homeostasis, differentiation, and function.
关键词: T cell immunity metabolic pathways nutrient uptake metabolic checkpoints
标题 作者 时间 类型 操作
New insights into different surfactants’ impacts on sludge fermentation: Focusing on the particular metabolic
期刊论文
Cellular changes in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid in hyperoxia-induced lung injury
HE Xinbiao, ZHAO Wei
期刊论文
Beneficial metabolic activities of inflammatory cytokine interleukin 15 in obesity and type 2 diabetes
null
期刊论文
electron transfer and its application in dictating routes of biochemical processes associated with metabolic
期刊论文
Elucidate long-term changes of ozone in Shanghai based on an integrated machine learning method
期刊论文
denitrification system with short-term pyridine exposure: Process capability, inhibition kinetics and metabolic
期刊论文
Water-dispersible nano-pollutions reshape microbial metabolism in type-specific manners: A metabolic
期刊论文
Study on microbial protein and the mechanism of solid-state fermentation with periodical dynamic changes
FU Xiaoguo, CHEN Hongzhang, LI Hongqiang, MA Runyu
期刊论文